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BioWare is a Canadian video game developer founded in February 1995 by newly graduated medical doctors Ray Muzyka, Greg Zeschuk, and Augustine Yip. BioWare is currently owned by American company Electronic Arts. The company specializes in role-playing video games, and became famous for launching highly praised and successful licensed franchises, ''Baldur's Gate'', ''Neverwinter Nights'', and ''Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic''. They proceeded to make several other successful games based on original intellectual property: ''Jade Empire'', the ''Mass Effect'' series, and the ''Dragon Age'' series. In 2011, BioWare launched their first massively multiplayer online role-playing game, ''Star Wars: The Old Republic''. ==History== BioWare was established in February 1995 by Ray Muzyka, Greg Zeschuk, Trent Oster, Brent Oster, Marcel Zeschuk, and Augustine Yip. The three doctors (Muzyka, Zeschuk, Yip) had recently graduated together from medical school at the University of Alberta; they had done some programming for use in med school and played video games for recreation, eventually deciding to develop their own.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://xbox360.ign.com/articles/106/1062745p1.html )〕 Their success in the medical field provided them with the funding they needed to launch a video game company. To make their first game, they pooled their resources which resulted in capital of $100,000.〔 Their first game, ''Shattered Steel'', began its life as a proof-of-concept demo, similar to the ''MechWarrior'' games. This demo was submitted to ten publishers, seven of whom returned to the company with an offer. A publishing deal for ''Shattered Steel'' was eventually signed with Interplay Entertainment. Brent Oster and Trent Oster left BioWare at that time to form Pyrotek Studios, which continued developing ''Shattered Steel'' but broke up a year later, with Oster returning to BioWare to finish the game. BioWare's first game was released the following year. ''Shattered Steel''s release was described by IGN as a "modest success" with "decent sales". Two noteworthy points were the deformable terrain (player weapon damage caused craters in the environment) and zone damage (well-placed gunfire could shoot mounted weapons off enemies). A sequel to ''Shattered Steel'' was planned for 1998 but never realized.〔 BioWare's founders and staff were keenly interested in both computerized and pen-and-paper variants of role-playing games. Their next development project, therefore, was determined to be a role-playing game. When Interplay financed "exploratory development", BioWare presented the publishers with a demo called ''Battleground: Infinity''. Interplay suggested that the demonstrated gameplay engine would be well-suited to the ''Dungeons & Dragons'' license which it had acquired from SSI. Accordingly, ''Infinity'' was reworked in line with the ''Dungeons & Dragons'' ruleset.〔 This resulted in ''Baldur's Gate'', which witnessed a development cycle of three years. During this time, the three doctors continued to practice medicine. However, in the final years of the project, the demands of development prompted Muzyka and Zeschuck to leave medicine and move into full-time development. Augustine Yip decided to continue with his medical practice. ''Baldur's Gate'' sold more than two million copies after its release, nearly matching the sales of ''Diablo''. Following the success of ''Baldur's Gate'', the Infinity Engine was used for the games ''Planescape: Torment'' and the ''Icewind Dale'' series. The success of ''Baldur's Gate'' was followed by an expansion pack for the game: ''Tales of the Sword Coast''. At this point, BioWare decided to return to the action genre. The company's initial thought was to develop a sequel to ''Shattered Steel'', but eventually a sequel to ''MDK'' from Shiny Entertainment was chosen for development.〔 ''MDK 2'' was released on PC, Dreamcast, and eventually PlayStation 2, offering BioWare their first taste of developing games for consoles.〔 ''MDK 2'' drew the same level of praise as its predecessor but, despite the success, BioWare returned to the ''Baldur's Gate'' series for their next project.〔 ''Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn'' was released in 2000,〔 two years after the release of ''Baldur's Gate''.〔 ''Baldur's Gate II'' sold two million copies, matching the sales of the first game in the series. However, the success of both ''Baldur's Gate II'' and ''MDK 2'' were not enough to stabilize Interplay financially. The company experienced multiple failures, which eventually led to bankruptcy.〔 Following Interplay's bankruptcy, BioWare began to work with Infogrames, which was later renamed to Atari.〔 ''Neverwinter Nights'' was originally to be published by Interplay, but the company lost the license of the game to Atari and part of their ''Dungeons & Dragons'' license to BioWare. After selling their D&D license to Atari, BioWare developed ''Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic'' and ''Jade Empire''. It had publishing relationships with Interplay Entertainment, Infogrames and under its new name Atari, LucasArts, and Microsoft. The next few years saw a number of changes in BioWare's corporate status. In November 2005, it was announced that BioWare and Pandemic Studios (itself founded by former Activision employees) would be joining forces, with private equity fund Elevation Partners investing in the partnership. On October 11, 2007, however, it was announced that this new partnership (organized as VG Holding Corp) had been bought by Electronic Arts. BioWare therefore became a unit of EA, but retained its own branding. In 2007, BioWare released the science fiction role-playing game ''Mass Effect''. The following year, BioWare released ''Sonic Chronicles: The Dark Brotherhood'' on the Nintendo DS, its first title for a handheld game console. Near the end of 2009, BioWare released the fantasy role-playing game ''Dragon Age: Origins'', and in January 2010, ''Mass Effect 2''. Later, EA announced that BioWare would be merged with Mythic Entertainment, another division of EA, so that they could have all of their role-playing game development in one business unit. BioWare completed three major games between 2011 and 2012. The massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) ''Star Wars: The Old Republic'' is based on BioWare's previous contribution to the Star Wars franchise, and was announced on October 21, 2008, although BioWare had first mentioned an unspecified new collaboration with LucasArts in October the previous year.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=LucasArts and BioWare Corp. to Create Ground-Breaking Interactive Entertainment Product )〕 The other games were ''Dragon Age II'', the sequel to ''Dragon Age: Origins'', and ''Mass Effect 3''. The growth of the MMORPG group as part of Electronic Arts in 2008 has resulted in three additional studios being added to the BioWare group outside BioWare's original home base in Edmonton. The first, located in Austin, Texas and headed by industry veterans Gordon Walton and Richard Vogel, was created to work on the ''Star Wars: The Old Republic'' MMORPG project. Both the studio and the project were announced on March 13, 2006. On March 2, 2009, BioWare announced it had opened a new studio in Montreal, Quebec to assist with existing projects as necessary. In 2009 Mythic Entertainment, based in Fairfax, Virginia, became part of the RPG/MMO Group, later being renamed BioWare Mythic in early 2010. On June 24, 2009, Electronic Arts announced a restructuring of their role-playing and massively multiplayer online games development into a new group that included both Mythic Entertainment and BioWare. Ray Muzyka, co-founder and General Manager of BioWare was appointed the Group General Manager of this newly formed "BioWare Group". BioWare's other co-founder, Greg Zeschuk, became the Group Creative Officer for the new MMORPG studio group. Rob Denton stepped up as General Manager of Mythic, reporting to Muzyka, and later became the Group Operations Officer of the new group. BioWare's studios remained unchanged and continued to report to Muzyka. The company announced that it would be opening up a new customer service office in Galway, Ireland, in 2011. The company was also a starting place for other Albertan game developers, such as being the former employer of the HermitWorks Entertainment staff. The group developed the well-received genre mixing game ''Space Trader'', which was developed under an art grant from the Canadian government. Following the release of ''Mass Effect 3'' in March 2012, numerous players complained about its endings failing to fulfill the developer's earlier promises regarding the conclusion of the trilogy. In response to these criticisms, BioWare announced on April 5 that they would reschedule their post-release content production and release an "Extended Cut" DLC that would expand the original endings and address the most common points of critique. The Extended Cut was released as a free download on June 26, 2012. In the aftermath of the controversy, ''Forbes'' contributor Erik Kain wrote that it "may end up being a healthy one for the industry, opening a new chapter in gamer/developer/publisher relations", calling BioWare and EA's decision to act on the fans' complaints a "remarkable" choice that made gamers realize "that they are entitled, and that it isn't a bad thing, to quality games". On September 18, 2012, the next day after the official announcement of the third ''Dragon Age'' title, both Ray Muzyka and Greg Zeschuk, two of the remaining co-founders of BioWare, simultaneously announced they will be retiring from the gaming industry. After almost a year without a formal head, EA appointed Matthew Bromberg the group general manager of the BioWare label on September 9, 2013. Former CEO and president of Major League Gaming, Bromberg worked as the general manager of BioWare Austin since 2012; after his promotion, Jeff Hickman took over as the general manager in Austin. Aaryn Flynn remains in charge of BioWare Canada (Edmonton and Montreal) and Jon Van Caneghem, the head of Victory Games and Waystone Studio (also parts of the BioWare label). After acquiring and dismantling LucasArts, The Walt Disney Company announced in May 2013 that Electronic Arts will produce future ''Star Wars'' games, " in addition to the BioWare team, which is already developing for the Star Wars franchise." In November 2013, teaser images from the next installment of the ''Mass Effect'' series have been released.〔 At E3 2014, BioWare Edmonton announced working on a new (unnamed) original intellectual property in addition to continuing their established series. Another new IP, titled ''Shadow Realms'' is an episodic 4 vs. 1 story-driven online action role-playing game, and was announced on Gamescom 2014. On February 9, 2015, Bioware Austin announced that the development on ''Shadow Realms'' would not continue.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.shadowrealms.com/blog/an-important-update-on-shadow-realms )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/bioware-s-multiplayer-pc-game-shadow-realms-cancel/1100-6425195/ )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「BioWare」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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